2017年MBA英語語法輔導概述：從句
2016-05-03 15:56 | 太奇MBA網(wǎng)
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If I had time, I would go to the movies with you.
If we hadn’t made adequate preparations, the conference, wouldn’t have been so successful.
If it were to rain tomorrow, the game would be put off.
[提示]
1. 在非真實條件句中, 有時從句的動詞所表示的動作和主句的動詞所表示的動作并不同時發(fā)生,這樣的條件句中使用的虛似式稱為混合虛擬式。其構(gòu)成視具體情況而定。
If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now.
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.
2. 引導非真實條件從句的連詞if在正式文件中有時可以省去, were, had,
should等非行為動詞這時應提到從句句首。
If I were you, I wouldn’t feel sorry.
→Were I you, I wouldn’t feel sorry.
3. 有些句子從表層結(jié)構(gòu)上看無if引導的非真實條件句, 但從深層意思上看是存在的。這種情況下主句動詞仍需用虛擬式。這類句子中常出現(xiàn)without(如果沒有), but for(要不是),otherwise(否則), but that(若不, 后接一從句)等詞或詞組。
But for your help, they couldn’t have succeeded.
要不是你的幫助, 他們就不會取得成功。
She wasn’t felling well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early.
她感不舒服。不然她不會那么早就離開會場的。
二、虛擬式也可用于其他情況
1. 在it’s necessary (important, natural, essential, proposed, required,
suggested, impossible, strange) that…引導的真正的主語從句中動詞應用虛擬式,
表示必要、應該、建議、要求、驚訝、不相信等意。
It’s necessary that we (should) set out at once.
It’s proposed that a committee (should) be set up to look into the matter.
It’s only natural that you should be nervous. 你感到緊張是很自然的。
The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.
It is highly important that we (should) combine revolutionary sweep with
practicalness. "對我們來說,把革命氣概和實際精神結(jié)合起來是很重要的。"
It is impossible that he should have missed the train. 他不可能誤車。
It’s strange that he should have failed in the exam.
2. 在ask, require, order, demand, suggest, propose, command, insist?
等動詞后的賓語從句中, 動詞也用虛擬式, 表示命令、建議、要求等。
I suggest that we (should) go camping tomorrow.
He insisted that our laboratory reports (should) be handed in the day afterthe experiment was done. 他堅持要求我們在做完實驗后第二天將實驗報告交上來。
He asked that they (should) be allowed to use a dictionary.他要求準許他們用詞典。
The director required that we should work all night主任要求我們通宵工作。
The mayor ordered that free food be distributed.市長命令發(fā)放免費食品。
The boss demanded that Mary (should) finish it within a week.老板要求瑪麗在一周內(nèi)完成它。
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